Ewing sarcoma (EwS) is a bone cancer that primarily impacts children, adolescents and young adults. This disease is defined by a genetic modification, called an EWS-FLI1 gene fusion, that results in production of a new protein that is a fusion of two proteins that are normally found separately within human cells. This fusion protein results in a dramatic shift in how cells behave by rewiring how other proteins are produced, resulting in EwS.